// OPEN INTELLIGENCE — PUBLIC ARCHIVESTUDY INDEX: NUCLEAR-PROXIMITY · SPATIAL PERMUTATION
FRFRFR
STUDYNO. 01 · SPATIAL

NUCLEAR
PROXIMITY

Is the UAP phenomenon reported closer to nuclear-weapons sites than chance would predict? We tested our strongest theme spatially — honestly, controlling for the obvious confound that reports come from where people are.

STUDY ID
FR-STU-2026-01
CASES
1,630 geocoded · dated
SITES
244 · era-filtered
METHOD
Spatial permutation ×500
DATA AS OF
10 SEP 2026
STATUS
● SNAPSHOT · NOT YET RE-RUN
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01The Question02The Result03Confound Test04Robustness05Methodology06By Region07Mobile Layer
◆ THE FINDINGUPDATED 10 SEP 2026 · FLAGSHIP · PEER-REVIEW-GRADE METHOD
4.56×enrichment within 25 km of nuclear-weapons sites (p < 0.001)

Question: Do UAP reports cluster near nuclear-weapons sites more than a population-matched null predicts? Sample and method: 1,630 geocoded, dated Earth cases tested against 244 time-filtered nuclear sites (re-run 10 Sep 2026; the July run tested 1,112).

01 / THE QUESTION

Does the reporting cluster near nuclear sites — or just near people?

Sightings happen where people are. Any raw “UFOs near reactors” claim has to clear that bar first. So we test each nuclear layer against a population-weighted null — random points drawn from real cities, matched by country and era — and ask whether the observed cases fall closer than that null predicts.

Enrichment = observed ÷ population-null. Above 1.0× means closer than chance; below means further.

⚠REPORTS, NOT REALITY

This measures where cases are reported, not where craft were. The reporting-feedback confound — nuclear cases amplified because they’re nuclear — cannot be removed.

The fossil-fuel row is the placebo: same population and industrial footprint, nothing nuclear. A nuclear layer only counts as signal if it beats the placebo.

02 / THE RESULT

Enrichment vs population-matched chance

Each bar diverges from the 1.0× chance line — right means cases fall closer to that site type than population predicts, left means further. Significant results (p < 0.05) glow and carry a ✓. Click any layer to inspect it.

SEARCH RADIUS
1.0× CHANCE
← FURTHER1×CLOSER →

Nuclear weapons

SIGNAL ✓

The headline result. Cases fall dramatically closer to warhead and weapons-storage sites than population predicts — 4.56× at the tightest radius — and the effect is strongest as you close in, exactly the shape a real spatial signal should have.

OBSERVED
3.8%
NULL EXPECT.
0.8%
p-VALUE
<0.001
Nuclear weapons · ENRICHMENT ACROSS RADIUS
4.56×
25km
2.4×
50km
1.79×
100km
1×
03 / THE CONFOUND TEST

Is it nuclear — or just “secret military”?

The strongest objection: reports cluster near secret bases, and weapons sites are secret bases. So we pit nuclear weapons against 47 non-nuclear military bases — Nellis, Edwards, Holloman, Fallon among them. Both measured at 50 km. One caveat we should own: a few of those control bases have held nuclear weapons at some point in their history — Davis-Monthan kept Titan II silos into the 1980s — which pushes the military layer up and makes this comparison conservative rather than flattering.

Nuclear weapons2.4×
50 KMp = <0.001
Non-nuclear military1.19×
50 KM · NELLIS/EDWARDS/…p = 0.010
VERDICT · NUCLEAR-SPECIFIC

At every radius, not just the convenient one: weapons runs 4.56× / 2.40× / 1.79× at 25, 50 and 100 km, while non-nuclear military runs 1.49× / 1.19× / 1.00× and is exactly chance by 100 km. The nuclear dimension does real work beyond “reports cluster near secret activity.”

04 / ROBUSTNESS

Does the signal survive on corroborated cases?

About half the cases tested are single-source — 817 of 1,630 — so the honest worry is that a pile of uncorroborated reports manufactures the effect. We re-run the weapons test on the two ends of the sample, L3+ corroborated (≥2 independent sources or a primary document) and L0 single-source, each with its own matched null. A middle band of partly-corroborated cases belongs to neither end and sits in neither stratum.

L3+ corroborated · n=714L0 single-source · n=817DASHED = 1.0× CHANCE
4.64×
4.22×
25 KM
2.31×
2.46×
50 KM
1.82×
1.76×
100 KM
VERDICT · SURVIVES

The weapons signal holds on corroborated-only cases — L3+ enrichment at 25 km is 4.64× (p<0.001, n=714), above both the whole-sample 4.56× and the single-source stratum's 4.22×. It is not an artifact of the archival influx.

05 / METHODOLOGY

How the test works

1

Geocode & date the cases

1,630 Earth cases carry a place-level location and a date, and 244 nuclear sites are filtered to those active in each case’s era — you can’t be near a site that didn’t exist yet.

2

Build a population-weighted null

Random comparison points are drawn from real GeoNames cities, matched by country and era, so the null carries the same “sightings happen where people are” bias as the real data.

3

Permute 500 times

For each of five site layers and three radii, we compare the observed share of cases within range against 500 reshuffles of the null — giving an enrichment ratio and a p-value.

4

Guard with a placebo & a confound

Fossil-fuel plants (same footprint, nothing nuclear) set the floor; non-nuclear military bases test whether the effect is really about “secret bases.” Weapons beats both.

06 / BY REGION

Within 100 km, USA vs rest-of-world

The weapons signal is far stronger in the USA — where the weapons complex and the reporting culture both concentrate. Bars show share within 100 km; the figure at right is the median distance to the nearest site.

United Statesn = 949
weapons15.0% · med 323 km
reactor16.6% · med 397 km
naval4.5% · med 625 km
Rest of worldn = 681
weapons8.9% · med 1,255 km
reactor15.9% · med 418 km
naval1.8% · med 1,984 km
07 / THE MOBILE LAYER

Nuclear assets that move

A fixed-site distance test files an encounter in open ocean as a point far from everything. But modern US carriers (since 1961) and most submarines are nuclear-powered — a mobile nuclear layer. These are logged categorically, not distance-tested.

They are not removed from the sample. Eleven of them carry a location and a date and so sit inside the distance test you have just read, where an open-ocean position can only work against the result.

22cases aboard or alongside a named naval vessel
LOGGED VESSEL-LINKED CASES
HMS Vulture light wheel1879
USS FDR UFO tracking sightings1950s
USS FDR Rio de Janeiro anchor-watch sighting1950s
Bikini Atoll / Operation Castle sightings1952–54
USS FDR sighting near Guantanamo1952
Bluegill Triple Prime1962
Bill Cooper USS Tirew USO sighting1966
USS Bon Homme Richard UAP tracking1968
USS Holland UFO sighting1970
USS Clamagore USO encounter1971
USS Trepang photographs1971
Soviet submarine orange-red object1972
HMNZS Southland USO encounter1980s
USS Nimitz black triangle USO1991
Nimitz Tic-Tac encounter2004–15
D'Antonio submarine fast moverc.2007
USS Carl Vinson tic-tac2010
USS Roosevelt / Oceana East Coast UAP encounters2014–15
USS Omaha sphere2019
Aircraft carrier spherical object photosundated
Boomer submarine sonar contactundated
Michael Herrera Sumatra encounterundated
◆ CONTINUE READING
The Nuclear Nexus — Study · Fractured Realities